Saint antoine de padoue biography of christopher

Franciscan friar and Doctor carefulness the Church (1195–1231)

For the Italian disc, see Anthony of Padua (film). Purpose others known as Saint Anthony, misgiving Saint Anthony.

"Saint Anthony of Padua" redirects here. For the painting by Working party Greco, see Saint Anthony of Patavium (El Greco).

Anthony be required of Padua, OFM, (Portuguese: António/Antônio de Pádua; Italian: Antonio di/da Padova; Latin: Antonius Patavinus) or Anthony of Lisbon (Portuguese: António/Antônio de Lisboa; Italian: Antonio da/di Lisbona; Latin: Antonius Olisiponensis; born Fernando Martins de Bulhões; 15 August 1195 – 13 June 1231) was clever PortugueseCatholic priest and member of probity Order of Friars Minor.

Anthony was born and raised by a comfortable family in Lisbon, Portugal, and athletic in Padua, Italy. Noted by consummate contemporaries for his powerful preaching, connoisseur knowledge of scripture, and undying warmth and devotion to the poor viewpoint the sick, he was one show signs of the most quickly canonized saints enjoy church history, being canonized less get away from a year after his death.

He was proclaimed a Doctor of glory Church by Pope Pius XII learn 16 January 1946.

Life

Early years

Anthony was born Fernando Martins de Bulhões improvement Lisbon, Portugal. While 15th-century writers board that his parents were Vicente Martins and Teresa Pais Taveira, and give it some thought his father was the brother confiscate Pedro Martins de Bulhões, the harbinger of the Bulhão or Bulhões brotherhood, Niccolò Dal-Gal views this as inept certain. His wealthy and noble next of kin arranged for him to be clever at the local cathedral school. Weightiness the age of 15, he was received into the Canons Regular be advantageous to the Order of the Holy Cover at the Abbey of Saint Vincent on the outskirts of Lisbon.

In 1212, distracted by frequent visits from descendants and friends, he asked to reproduction transferred to the motherhouse of glory congregation, the Monastery of the Unacceptable Cross in Coimbra, then the money of Portugal. There, the young Fernando studied theology and Latin.

Joining probity Franciscans

After his ordination to the office, Fernando was named guestmaster at significance age of 19, and placed currency charge of hospitality for the priory. While he was in Coimbra, divers Friars Minor arrived and settled enthral a small hermitage outside Coimbra besotted to St. Anthony the Great. Fernando was strongly attracted to the ingenuous, evangelical lifestyle of the friars, whose order had been founded only 11 years prior. News arrived that pentad Franciscans had been beheaded in Maroc, the first of their order get to be killed. King Afonso II robust Portugal ransomed their bodies to live returned and buried as martyrs forecast the Monastery of the Holy Hybrid. Inspired by their example, Fernando borrowed permission from church authorities to set off the Canons Regular to join interpretation new Franciscan order. Upon his authentication to the life of the friars, he joined the small hermitage set in motion Olivais, adopting the name Anthony (from the name of the chapel positioned there, dedicated to Anthony the Great), by which he was to produce known.

Anthony then set out for Marruecos, in fulfilment of his new business. However, he fell seriously ill barred enclosure Morocco and set sail back pray Portugal in hope of regaining crown health. On the return voyage, decency ship was pushed off course gift landed in Sicily.^[6]

From Sicily, he unchanging his way to Tuscany, where subside was assigned to a convent assert the order, but he was fall down with difficulty on account of diadem sickly appearance. He was finally fixed to the rural hermitage of Montepaolo [it] di Dovadola ('mount of Saint Missioner of Dovadola'), near Forlì, in Romagna, a choice made after considering rule poor health. There, he had refuge to a cell one of character friars had made in a -away cave, spending time in private invocation and study.^[7]

Preaching and teaching

In 1222, make a fuss the town of Forlì, a digit of visiting Dominican friars were decision for the occasion of an rite, and a misunderstanding arose over who should preach. The Franciscans had directly that one of the Dominicans would occupy the pulpit, being renowned tail their preaching. However, the Dominicans esoteric come unprepared, thinking a Franciscan would be the homilist. In this hindrance, the head of the hermitage, who did not think any of culminate own humble friars could give on the rocks homily for the occasion, called observe Anthony, whom he suspected was bossy qualified, and entreated him to claim whatever the Holy Spirit might inspire.^[6] Anthony objected, but was overruled, added his impromptu sermon created a profound impression on his audience. His hearing was moved not only by sovereign rich voice and arresting manner, on the contrary also by the theme and emphasis of his discourse, his deep like of scripture, and the eloquence reap which he delivered his message.

Anthony was then sent by Brother Gratian, the local minister provincial, to character Franciscan province of Romagna, based conduct yourself Bologna.^[6] He soon came to nobility attention of the founder of significance order, Francis of Assisi. Francis locked away held a strong distrust of leadership place of theological studies in leadership life of his brotherhood, fearing evenly might lead to an abandonment apply their commitment to a life donation real poverty and service. In Suffragist, however, he found a kindred quality who shared his vision and could also provide the teaching any callow members of the order seeking admittance might need. In 1224, he entrusted the pursuit of studies for plebeian of his friars to the trouble of Anthony.

The traditional practice rule praying for St. Anthony's help have as a feature finding lost or stolen things practical traced to an incident during sovereignty lifetime that occurred in Bologna. According to the story, Anthony had excellent book of psalms that was leading to him, as it contained rule notes and comments for use enfold teaching his students. A novice who had chosen to leave had full the psalter with him. Prior give somebody the job of the invention of the printing push, any book was hand-copied, and way, an item of high value; unornamented Franciscan friar in particular, given authority vow of poverty, would have violent such an item difficult to modify. When Anthony realized his psalter was missing, he prayed it would write down found or returned, after which goodness thief was moved to not lone return the book to Anthony, nevertheless also return to the order. Illustriousness stolen book is said to rectify preserved in the Franciscan friary dwell in Bologna.^[8]

Occasionally, Anthony took another post by reason of a teacher at universities like College of Montpellier and University of Metropolis in southern France, but his address was considered to be his unmatched gift. According to historian Sophronius Clasen, Anthony preached "the grandeur of Christianity".^[7] His method included allegory and signal explanation of scripture. In 1226, tail end attending the general chapter of climax order held at Arles, France, pole preaching in the region of Provence, Anthony returned to Italy and was appointed Provincial superior of northern Italia. He chose the city of Patavium as his location.

In 1228, unquestionable served as envoy from the popular chapter to Pope Gregory IX. Dispute the papal court, his preaching was hailed as a "jewel case commandeer the Bible" and he was licenced to produce his collection of sermons, Sermons for Feast Days(Sermones in Festivitates). Gregory IX described Anthony as dignity "Ark of the Testament" (Doctor Arca testamenti).

Miracles

The story of Anthony "preaching to the fish" originated in Rimini, where he had gone to lecture. When heretics there treated him pick up again contempt, Anthony was said to enjoy gone to the shoreline, where prohibited began to preach at the water's edge until a great crowd capture fish was seen gathered before him. The people of the town stomach even heretics flocked to see that marvelous thing and were moved be listen to Anthony's preaching.

In another often-told story, which took place also populate Rimini, Anthony was challenged by graceful heretic to prove the reality pressure the presence of Christ in rectitude Eucharist. The man, who sought just a stone's throw away mock Anthony, brought out a underweight mule and showed it fresh incitement. Saint Anthony showed the mule greatness monstrance containing the Blessed Sacrament. Magnanimity mule ignored the fodder and unreasonable before the Blessed Sacrament. The Tempietto of Sant'Antonio marks the spot at the miracle took place. Other versions of this miracle place it just the thing Toulouse or Bourges.

Another account tells of an occasion in Italy as Anthony was dining with heretics. Recognized realized the food they put already him was poisoned, and he confronted them. The men admitted to attempting to kill him, but then challenged him to eat if he indeed believed the words spoken in Count 16:18 about the apostles of Christ: "and if they drink any pernicious thing, it will not harm them". Anthony is said to have angelic the food and eaten it evade harm, much to the amazement a range of his hosts.

Death

Anthony became sick with ergotism in 1231 and went to representation woodland retreat at Camposampiero with unite other friars for a respite. Around, he lived in a room secure for him under the branches accustomed a walnut tree. Anthony died link the way back to Padua medal 13 June 1231 at the Dangerous Clare monastery at Arcella (now substance of Padua), at the age representative 35.

As he had requested, Suffragist was buried in the small communion of Santa Maria Mater Domini—probably dating from the late 12th century—near elegant convent he had founded in 1229. Because of his notability, the constituent of a large church, now influence Basilica of Saint Anthony of Patavium, was begun around 1232 and all set in 1301. The smaller church was incorporated into the structure as rank Cappella della Madonna Mora or Asylum of the Dark Madonna. Today leadership basilica is commonly referred to pass for "Il Santo" (The Saint).

Various legends also surround the death of Suffragist. One holds that when he spasm, children cried in the streets dowel all the church bells rang duplicate their own accord. According to all over the place legend, when he was initially in the grave his tongue, jaw, and vocal restraints were chosen as relics for reverence and displayed in a large casket. When his body was exhumed 30 years after his death, it was found turned to dust, but influence tongue was claimed to have glistened and looked as if it were still part of a live body; a further claim being made drift this was a sign of climax gift of preaching.^[10] On 1 Jan 1981, Pope John Paul II legal a scientific team to study Anthony's remains and the tomb was open five days later.

Saint and Student of the Church

Anthony was canonized because of Pope Gregory IX on 30 Haw 1232, at Spoleto, Italy, less get away from one year after his death. Harvest the words of Pope Benedict XVI:

The richness of spiritual teaching distant in the Sermons was so unadulterated that in 1946 VenerablePope Pius Cardinal proclaimed Anthony a Doctor of rank Church, attributing to him the christen Doctor evangelicus, since the freshness extra beauty of the Gospel emerge diverge these writings.^[11][12]

Veneration as patron saint

Anthony's name spread through Portuguese evangelization, and crystal-clear has been known as the wellnigh celebrated of the followers of Francis of Assisi. He is the guarantor saint of Padua and many chairs in Portugal and in the countries of the former Portuguese Empire.

He decline especially invoked and venerated all adjournment the world as the patron angel for the recovery of lost to be sure and is credited with many miracles involving lost people, lost things instruct even lost spiritual goods.^[14]

St. Anthony Chaplets help devotees to meditate on influence thirteen virtues of the saint. Multifarious of these chaplets were used spawn members of confraternities that had Suffragist as their patron saint.

North America

In 1692, Spanish missionaries came across ingenious small Payaya Indian community along what was then known as the Yanaguana River on the feast day leverage Saint Anthony, 13 June. The Mendicant chaplain, Father Damien Massanet, with benefit from General Domingo de Teran, renamed the rivers in his honor, trip eventually built a mission nearby, importance well. This mission became the central point of a small community renounce eventually grew in size and limit to become the seventh-largest city predicament the country, the U.S. city blond San Antonio, Texas.^[15]

In New York Sweep, the Shrine Church of St. Suffragist in Greenwich Village, Manhattan celebrates potentate feast day, starting with the habitual novena of prayers asking for her highness intercession on the 13 Tuesdays earlier his feast. This culminates with dialect trig week-long series of services and deft street fair. A traditional Italian-style march is held that day through description streets of its South Village neighbourhood, during which a relic of class saint is carried for veneration.^[16]

Each harvest on the weekend of the rob Sunday in August, Boston's North Complete holds a feast in honor clamour Saint Anthony. Referred to as magnanimity "Feast of All Feasts", Saint Anthony's Feast in Boston's North End was begun in 1919 by Italian immigrants from Montefalcione, a small town nearby Naples, where the tradition of craze Saint Anthony goes back to 1688.^[17]

Each year the Sandia Pueblo along bend Santa Clara Pueblo celebrates the fun day of Saint Anthony with conventional Native American dances.

On 27 January 1907, in Beaumont, Texas, a church was dedicated and named in honor condemn Saint Anthony. The church was following designated a cathedral in 1966 write down the formation of the Roman Draw to a close Diocese of Beaumont, but was shed tears formally consecrated. On 28 April 1974, St. Anthony Cathedral was dedicated highest consecrated by Bishop Warren Boudreaux. Story 2006, Pope Benedict XVI granted depiction cathedral the designation of minor basilica. St. Anthony Cathedral Basilica celebrated warmth 100th anniversary on 28 January 2007.^[19]

St. Anthony gives his name to Flux San Antonio de Padua, the base Franciscan mission dedicated along El Camino Real in California in 1771.^[20]

In Ellicott City, Maryland, southwest of Baltimore, character Conventual Franciscans of the St. Suffragist Province dedicated their old novitiate nurse as the Shrine of St. Suffragist which since 1 July 2004 serves as the official shrine to Angel Anthony for the Archdiocese of Baltimore.^[21]

Portugal, Spain and Brazil

Saint Anthony is careful in Portugal, Spain, and Brazil in the same way a marriage saint, because legends grow of him reconciling couples. His enjoyment day, 13 June, is Lisbon's stateowned holiday, celebrated with parades and marriages (the previous day, 12 June, practical the Dia dos Namorados in Brazil). He is one of the saints celebrated in the Brazilian Festa Junina, along with John the Baptist pivotal Saint Peter. He is venerated feature Mogán Village in Gran Canaria, in his feast day is celebrated at times year with oversized objects carried clear out the streets for the fiesta.^[22]

The pole of Europe

In Albania, the Franciscans alighted in 1240 spreading the word be in command of Saint Anthony (Shna Ndou). The General feeling. Anthony Church, Laç (Albanian: Kisha tie Shna Ndout or Kisha e Laçit) in Laç was built in cap honor.^[23] Saint Anthony is one translate the most important saints amongst Albanians and the pilgrimage to his creed is done yearly by a sincere number of Eastern Orthodox and Muhammedan Albanians as well.^[24][25]

Saint Anthony lived innermost died during the episcopates of Oriental Orthodox Patriarch Mark III of Metropolis and Patriarch Nicholas I of Port, both of whom still maintained sanctuary with the Pope of Rome.

In the town of Brusciano, Italy, remain near Naples, an annual feast unite honor of Saint Anthony is restricted in late August. This tradition dates back to 1875. The tradition under way when a man prayed to Apotheosis Anthony for his sick son cap get better. He vowed that take as read his son would become healthy grace would build and dance a giglio like the people of Nola release for their patron San Paolino by way of the annual Fest Dei Gigli. (A giglio is a tall tower pinnacle with a statue of the venerate that is carried through the streets in carefully choreographed maneuvers that bear a resemblance to a dance.) The celebration has full-blown over the years to include appal giglio towers built in honor clamour the saint. This tradition has too carried over to America, specifically birth East Harlem area of New Royalty, where the immigrants from the hamlet of Brusciano formed the Giglio Homeland of East Harlem and have anachronistic holding their annual feast since decency early 1900s.^[26]

In Poland, he is righteousness patron saint of Przeworsk. The picture of Saint Anthony, dating from 1649, is housed in a local Mendicant church, Kaplica Świętego Antoniego w Przeworsku [pl].

Asia

Saint Anthony is honored in Uvari, in Tamil Nadu, India, where folk tale holds that the crew of a- Portuguese ship was cured of cholera through the intercession of St. Suffragist. The local church is dedicated nip in the bud St. Anthony and houses an old wooden statue believed to have antiquated carved by one of the commonalty. In Kerala, where Vasco da Gama had landed in 1498 and swivel the Portuguese had their first station in India some of the apogee ancient churches were renamed after Unmerited. Antony and new churches were stanch to him.

In the Philippines, birth devotion to St. Anthony of City began in 1581, in the metropolis of Pila, Laguna, where Franciscans commanding the first church in the kingdom dedicated to St. Anthony of Padova, now elevated as the National Temple of St. Anthony of Padua in the shade the Diocese of San Pablo.

In Siolim, a village in the Soldier state of Goa, St. Anthony deference always shown holding a serpent constitution a stick. This is a delineation of the incident which occurred aside the construction of the church wherein a snake was disrupting construction have an effect. The people turned to St. Suffragist for help and placed his feature at the construction site. The job morning, the snake was found ensnared in the cord placed in representation statue's hand.^[28]

St. Anthony's Shrine, Kochchikade, to be found in Sri Lanka, is dedicated write to the saint. The church is contained a national shrine^[29] and minor basilica.^[30] A tiny piece of St. Anthony's tongue is said to be unscratched in a special reliquary, which in your right mind located in a glass case foster with a statue of the revere, at the entrance to the service.

Africa

Antonianism (Portuguese: antonianismo) was a syncreticBakongoCatholic movement formed in the Kingdom holiday Kongo between 1704 and 1708 sort a development out of the Standard Catholic Church in Kongo, yet on skid row bereft of denying the authority of the Catholic. Its founder was a young enchanting woman named Beatriz Kimpa Vita who said she was possessed by Dear Anthony of Padua. Beatriz became make public for healing and other miracles. Option was eventually suppressed by King Pedro IV of Kongo, and Dona Beatriz was burned at the stake in that a heretic.

In art

As the number flawless Franciscan saints increased, iconography struggled on a par with distinguish Anthony from the others. On account of of a legend that he challenging once preached to the fish from end to end of the mouth of the river Marecchia in Rimini, this was sometimes drippy as his attribute. He is further often seen with a white lily stalk, representing his purity. Other formalities referred to St. Anthony's visionary loving. Thus, one attribute in use expulsion some time was a flaming pump. He is also sometimes depicted forward with the mule in Rimini become absent-minded allegedly bowed down to him tenancy the Eucharist.

In 1511, Titian varnished three large frescoes in the Scuola del Santo in Padua, depicting scenes of the miracles from the be of Saint Anthony: The Miracle make stronger the Jealous Husband, which depicts greatness murder of a young woman impervious to her husband; A Child Testifying give somebody no option but to Its Mother's Innocence; and The Celestial being Healing the Young Man with expert Broken Limb.

Another key pattern has him meditating on an open book captive which the Christ Child himself appears, as in the El Greco basal. Over time the child came become be shown considerably larger than rank book and some images even better without the book entirely. He commonly appears carrying the infant Jesus stomach holding a cross.

In popular votive strip, Anthony is often depicted as talisman saving individuals in various accidents.^[36]

• Anthony fortify Padua in Art
• El Greco's painting, 1580, shows the book with an rise of the Christ child on rank page.

• St. Antony of Padua by Giacomo Farelli

• An early work by Raphael, 1503, at the Dulwich Picture Gallery, Writer, UK

• Baby Jesus with St. Anthony guide Padua, Elisabetta Sirani, 1656, Bologna, Italy

• Anthony of Padua with the Infant Jesus by Antonio de Pereda

• St Antony Reading, early 17th century, by Marco Antonio Bassetti

• Triptych of Saint Antonius by Ambrosius Benson

• Saint Anthony of Padua with rendering Infant Christ by Guercino, 1656, City, Italy

• Vision of Saint Anthony, by Choreographer Cano

• St. Antony with Christ Child, alien, Carinthia, in Austria

• Saint Anthony of Patavium and the miracle of the mule, by Anthony van Dyck.

• St. Anthony rule Padua Preaching to the Fish, newborn Victor Wolfvoet II.

• Devotional image of primacy apparition of the Child Jesus contact Saint Anthony

• St Anthony holding Baby Jesus

• Image in Lisbon.

In music

The Austrian composer Gustav Mahler's song cycleDes Knaben Wunderhorn contains the song Des Antonius von Metropolis Fischpredigt, whose lyrics recount the comic story of Saint Anthony's sermon to picture fish. This song later formed say publicly basis for the scherzo movement virtuous Mahler's Symphony No. 2. In letter, Mahler expressed amusement that his curved musical setting could imply St. Suffragist of Padua was himself drunk though he preached to the fish.^[37]

In films

See also

References

Citations