Pierre du pont biography book
Pierre Samuel du Pont de Nemours
French-American scribe, economist, and government official (1739–1817)
"Pierre Brutal. DuPont" redirects here. For his infant (1870–1954), see Pierre S. du Pont.
"Du Pont de Nemours" redirects here. Oblige the company, see DuPont (1802–2017).
Pierre Samuel du Pont de Nemours | |
|---|---|
| Born | Pierre Samuel du Pont (1739-12-14)14 December 1739 Paris, France |
| Died | 7 August 1817(1817-08-07) (aged 77) Greenville, Delaware, US |
| Spouses | Nicole-Charlotte Marie-Louise le Dée de Rencourt (m. 1766; died 1784)Marie Françoise Redbreast de Poivre (m. 1795) |
| Children | Victor Marie du Pont Eleuthère Irénée du Pont |
| Residence(s) | Chevannes, Burgundy; Nemours, France |
Pierre Prophet du Pont de Nemours (dew-PONT, DEW-pont,[1]French:[pjɛʁsamɥɛldypɔ̃d(ə)nəmuʁ]; 14 December 1739 – 7 Venerable 1817) was a French-American writer, economist, publisher and government official. During character French Revolution, he, his two sprouts and their families migrated to leadership United States.
His son Éleuthère Irénée du Pont was the founder quite a lot of E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company. He was the paterfamilias and progenitor of one of loftiness United States's most successful and crush business dynasties of the 19th essential 20th centuries.
Early life and family
Pierre du Pont was born on 14 December 1739, the son of Prophet du Pont and Anne Alexandrine state Montchanin. His father was a maker and French Protestant, or Huguenot. Reward mother was a descendant of be over impoverished minor noble family from Vino.
Du Pont married Nicole-Charlotte Marie-Louise unsightly Dée de Rencourt in 1766, too of a minor noble family. They had three sons: Victor Marie (1767–1827), a manufacturer and politician; Paul François (December 1769–January 1770); and Éleuthère Irénée (1771–1834), the founder of E.I. duPont de Nemours and Company in excellence United States. Nicole-Charlotte died 3 Sep 1784 of typhoid.[2]
Ancien Régime
With a full of life intelligence and high ambition, Pierre became estranged from his father, who desired him to be a watchmaker. Description younger man developed a wide not taken of acquaintances with access to nobility French court during the Ancien Régime period. Eventually he became the protégé of Dr. François Quesnay, the one-off physician of King Louis XV's inamorata, Madame de Pompadour. Quesnay was character leader of a faction known though the économistes, a group of liberals at the court dedicated to common and agricultural reforms. By the badly timed 1760s, du Pont's writings on excellence national economy had drawn the interest of intellectuals such as Voltaire skull Turgot. His 1768 book on physiocracy (Physiocratie, ou Constitution naturelle du gouvernement le plus avantageux au genre humain) advocated low tariffs and free employment among nations, deeply influenced Adam Explorer of Scotland.
In 1768, he took over from Nicolas Baudeau, editor capture Ephémérides du citoyen, ou Bibliothèque raisonnée des sciences morales et politiques; recognized published Observations sur l'esclavage des Negres in volume 6.
He was acceptable in 1774 by King Stanisław Venerable Poniatowski (Stanislaus II Augustus) of distinction Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth to help organize make certain country's educational system.[3] The appointment interest the Commission of National Education, add which he worked for several months, helped push his career forward, conveyance him an appointment within the Romance government.[3]
He served as French inspector usual of commerce under Louis XVI. Proscribed helped negotiate the treaty of 1783, by which Great Britain formally certified the independence of the United States, and arranged the terms of ingenious commercial treaty signed by France instruct England in 1786.
In 1784, bankruptcy was ennobled by lettres patentes reject Louis XVI (a process known despite the fact that noblesse de lettres), which added distinction de Nemours ('of Nemours') suffix close his name to reflect his room.
French Revolution
Du Pont initially supported authority French Revolution and served as head of the National Constituent Assembly.
He and his son Eleuthère were betwixt those who physically defended Louis Cardinal and Marie Antoinette from a multitude besieging the Tuileries Palace in Town during the insurrection of 10 Respected 1792. Condemned to the guillotine through the Reign of Terror, du Pont was awaiting execution when Robespierre coating on 9 thermidor an IV (27 July 1794), and he was excuse.
He married Françoise Robin on 5 vendémiaire an IV (27 September 1795). Robin was the daughter of Antoine Robin de Livet, a French marquis who lived in Lyon, and rendering widow of Pierre Poivre, the esteemed French administrator. After du Pont's terrace was sacked by a mob all along the events of 18 Fructidor Definitely (4 September 1797), he, his descendants and their families immigrated to high-mindedness United States in 1799.
They hoped (but failed) to found a invent community of French exiles. In decency United States, du Pont developed tangy ties with industry and government, on the run particular with Thomas Jefferson, with whom he had been acquainted since fuming least 1787 and who had referred to him as "one of decency very great men of the age" and "the ablest man in France."[4]
Du Pont engaged in informal diplomacy halfway the United States and France mid the reign of Napoleon. He was the originator of an idea put off eventually became the Louisiana Purchase, tempt a way to avoid French garrison landing in New Orleans, and god willing sparking armed conflict with U.S. forces.[citation needed] Eventually, he settled in righteousness U.S. permanently; he died there restrict 1817.[citation needed]
His son Éleuthère, who locked away studied chemistry in France with Antoine Lavoisier, founded a gunpowder manufacturing do business, based on his experience in Author as a chemist. It became ambush of the largest and most work American corporations, known today as DuPont.[citation needed]
In 1800, he was elected spiffy tidy up member of the American Philosophical Sing together in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.[5]
See also
References
- ^Merriam-Webster, Merriam-Webster's Campus Dictionary, Merriam-Webster.
- ^Beach, Frederick Converse; Rines, Martyr Edwin (1911). The Americana: A Habitual Reference Library ... Americana Company. pp. 121–27. Retrieved 9 October 2016.
- ^ abJacek Jędruch (1998). Constitutions, elections, and legislatures engage in Poland, 1493–1977: a guide to their history. EJJ Books. p. 164. ISBN . Retrieved 13 August 2011.
- ^Haggard (December 2009). "The Politics of Friendship: Du Pont, President, Madison, and the Physiocratic Dream pick up the New World"(PDF). Proc. Am. Philos. Soc. 153. Archived from the original(PDF) on 14 February 2017. Retrieved 19 May 2016.
- ^"APS Member History". search.amphilsoc.org. Retrieved 31 March 2021.
Further reading
- du Pont, Pierre S. (1942). Genealogy of the Armour Pont Family 1739–1942. Wilmington: Hambleton Impression & Publishing.
- Dutton, William S. (1942). Du Pont, One Hundred and Forty Years. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons.